Some calluses are painful and sore; the nerves are inflamed and fluid-filled sacs form underneath the callused area. Orthotic inserts and properly fitting footwear can prevent and alleviate calluses. Cortisone injections can provide rapid pain relief of inflammation and pain. For cases of heel callus formation resulting from a metatarsal bone deformity, surgery may be necessary to correct the bone and lessen the pressure.
To reduce calluses, soak affected feet in warm, soapy water, then rub the skin with a pumice or appropriate foot file; apply a thick moisturizing cream afterward to keep the skin soft. There are over-the-counter callus removers (always check with a doctor before using any medication; these particular treatments contain chemicals and can cause burns). Podiatrists also have methods for reducing calluses.